Electric Motors construction, types, classification and working principle

An electric motor – is an element of the electric drive by which electrical energy is converted into mechanical work, for driving different mechanisms.

Some electric motors have reverse acting. The electric motor, like generator converts mechanical energy to electrical energy.

Electric motors have different types, for example rotating electric motors and linear. The rotating electric motor is most widespread and often used in Automotive. 

Electric Motor Construction Diagram

A standard electric motor consists of two main elements: the stator and the rotor. The picture showed main elements of Electric motor. The motor` rotor is the rotating part which mounted inside the fixed stator. Of course, you can see construction the motor with outside rotor location, such electric motors are called inside out electric motors.

How an Electric Motor Works

In this diagram we can see standard Electric Motor working principle.

Electric Motor Classification

Rotating electric motor can be divided on self-commuted and external commutated.  Self-Commutated include Mechanical-Commutator Motors (AC or DC) and Electronic-Commutator Motors (AC2).

AC can be Universal motor or Repulsion motor. DC can be Electrically excited, DC motor (has next types of winding connection: separately excited, series, shunt, compound) or PM DC Motor.  

Electronic-Commutator Motors (AC2) can be divided on BLDC motor or SRM.

Externally-Commutated includes Induction motors or Synchronous motors.

Induction motors AC (three phase: SCIM or WRIM; two phase (condenser motor); single phase: auxiliary winding, shaded pole, asymmetrical stator.

Synchronous motors can be WRSM, PMSM, SyRM or Hysteresis.

Author: delfi

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